• The TDI environment is changing. The role of good economic evidence and advocacy is ever more important.
• Cliff Stevenson Consulting can assist EU industries in analysing import problems and reviewing strategy options. 
• Anti-dumping has been the principal trade defence instrument used by the EU.  Cliff Stevenson has 20 years experience in EU anti-dumping, including working for exporters, complainants, importers and DG Trade.
• Anti-subsidy (countervailing duties) is also important as it will play a much greater role in EU TDI in the future.  There are a number of problems in using the CVD instrument and Cliff Stevenson Consulting can assist in addressing all these problems.
• For example, there is a need for benchmarking in measuring subsidies where markets are distorted by the state. The WTO jurisprudence in Canada - softwood lumber has established some important principles about what economic evidence can be used to measure such subsidies. 
• Note that we do not help industries seeking unjustified protectionism.  What we do is to help industries that are genuinely facing an unfair trade situation to assert their legitimate rights and obtain appropriate protection.  By only taking on strong cases, we are confident that we can provide EU industries with a successful outcome.

Consulting Services in TDI Investigations

• Once a strategy has been created, we can also help implement it.
• Thresholds to get complaints accepted in the EU, and measures adopted, are ever increasing. There is a need for robust economic evidence and strong economic advocacy.   As mentioned above, there is particularly a need in relation to the anti-subsidy/CVD instrument which is much less developed yet will become more important. 
• See the paper "A brief guide to making anti-dumping complaints / petitions" published by our sister company antidumpingpublishing.com. 

Training Courses

• Cliff Stevenson Consulting provides specialised training on trade defence instruments for EU industries.
• Tailor-made, in-house courses include specialist modules on preparing AD and CVD complaints.